Government type

a hybrid and unique intergovernmental and supranational organization

Head of state

Not applicable; the EU has no single head of state

Head of government

President of the European Council, António Costa, 1 December 2024

Legislature

Two separate legislative bodies: Council of the European Union (27 members, composed of ministers from EU member states) and European Parliament (720 seats, elected by proportional representation), {'pp': 188, 's_d': 136, 'pfe': 84, 'ecr': 78, 'renew': 77, 'greens_efa': 53, 'gue_ngl': 46, 'esn': 25, 'non_attached': 12, 'other': 21}, Roberta METSOLA (elected January 2022, reelected July 2024), 5 years, 6 June 2024, June 2029

Key ministers

• President of the European Commission: Ursula von der Leyen
• High Representative of the Union for Foreign Affairs and Security Policy: Not named in source