Japan
Government type
parliamentary constitutional monarchy
Head of state
Emperor, NARUHITO, 1 May 2019
Head of government
Prime Minister, Sanae TAKAICHI, 21 October 2025
Legislature
National Diet (Kokkai), bicameral, {'name': 'House of Representatives (Shugiin)', 'seats': 465, 'electoral_system': 'mixed system', 'term_length': '4 years'}, {'name': 'House of Councillors (Sangiin)', 'seats': 248, 'electoral_system': 'mixed system', 'term_length': '6 years'}